Monitoring China’s Mega Dam Project on the Brahmaputra River
NEW DELHI: The Government of India is closely monitoring developments concerning the Brahmaputra River, particularly China’s plans to construct hydropower projects. In a recent statement to the Rajya Sabha, the Environment Ministry highlighted its commitment to safeguarding the nation’s interests amidst these developments.
China has announced the approval of a massive dam project on the Yarlung Tsangpo River—known as the Brahmaputra once it flows into Arunachal Pradesh. This project boasts a staggering capacity of 60 gigawatts (GW) and is estimated to cost around $137 billion.
Engagement with China
As a lower riparian state, India has consistently expressed its concerns to Chinese authorities regarding potential impacts on downstream states. The Minister of State for Environment, Kirti Vardhan Singh, reassured that discussions on trans-border rivers have been ongoing through institutionalized expert-level mechanisms established since 2006.
Cumulative Impact Assessments
The Indian government is conducting cumulative impact assessments and carrying capacity studies on major tributaries of the Brahmaputra. These efforts aim to mitigate ecological and socio-economic impacts from hydro-electric projects in the basin.
Environmental Concerns
Environmentalists warn against such projects in the ecologically sensitive Tibet region, which is prone to seismic activity. Reports indicate that the area experienced over 100 earthquakes of magnitude 3.0 or higher in 2024 alone.
In light of these developments, it is crucial for India to balance its strategic initiatives regarding the Brahmaputra. A careful approach is necessary, ensuring that future water availability and flow patterns are adequately studied.
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